### diagonal

• n. 对角线；斜线
TEM8 GRE TOEFL

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diagonal 对角线的

dia-, 穿过。-gon, 弯，角，词源同knee, octagonal. 即穿过去的，成对角的。

diagonal
diagonal: [16] Diagonal is commonly used simply as a synonym for oblique, but in strict mathematical terms it denotes a line joining two non-adjacent angles of a polygon. This reveals far more clearly its origins. It comes from diagōnālis, a Latin adjective derived from Greek diagónios. This was a compound formed from the prefix dia- ‘across’ and gōníā ‘angle’ (as in English polygon), meaning ‘from angle to angle’. Gōníā is related ultimately to English knee and genuine.
1540s (implied in diagonally), from Middle French diagonal, from Latin diagonalis, from diagonus "slanting line," from Greek diagonios "from angle to angle," from dia- "across" (see dia-) + gonia "angle" (see -gon). As a noun, from 1570s.
1. The book has a diagonal black stripe on the cover.

2. Footsteps had scored a diagonal path through the snow.

3. Draw a diagonal line to divide the square into two triangles.

4. The lumped mass matrix is a diagonal matrix.

5. The square matrix is called a diagonal matrix.